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(Eng) Reincarnation of Genghis Khan_The Battle of Gaugamela (B.C.331) ๐Ÿฆ…

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Reincarnation of Genghis Khan_The Battle of Gaugamela (B.C.331)

Reincarnation of Genghis Khan_The Battle of Gaugamela (B.C.331).

https://youtu.be/KkwpztBzn8Q

In 343 B.C., Aristotle (B.C.384-322) spends four years in Meiza educating Prince Alexander (13 years old).

Alexander dreams of unifying the Greek polis and the Macedonian Empire, not stopping there, but creating a vast empire that will stretch from the Mediterranean to India.

In 336 B.C., Philip II of Macedon is assassinated by Pausanias, and Alexander ascends to the throne at the age of 20.

Using the army his father has assembled, he begins a war with Persia.

He wins the battles of Granicus in 334 B.C. and Issus in 333 B.C.

In 332 B.C., he even captures Egypt and seizes control of the Mediterranean.

 

On October 1, 331 B.C., 200,000 Persian soldiers faces off against 47,000 Macedonian soldiers on the Gaugamela plain in the upper reaches of the Tigris River.

Gaugamela is now Arbela in northern Iraq.

Darius III (44 years old), who places cavalry and mercenaries on both sides and chariots and Indian battle elephants at the front, aims to launch a counterattack with the elite infantry and archers in the center.

Alexander the Great (25 years old) places a double phalanx of heavy infantry in the center and lines up light infantry and cavalry on both sides, standing at the forefront of the right cavalry.

Alexander suppresses the Persian chariots and riders with a first retreat and encirclement tactic.

 

The second tactic is to use the decoy of the cavalry on the right, arranged at a 45-degree angle, to split the Persian cavalry and the central infantry.

When there is a gap, hidden heavy infantry behind the Macedonian cavalry appears and surrounds the Persian cavalry.

As Alexander's cavalry retreats to the second line, they suddenly turns around and attacks the right rear, advancing towards Darius' headquarters.

Unexpectedly, when the left flank of the Persian cavalry led by Mazaeus breaks through, the center of the phalanx is overwhelmed.

Alexander focuses his forces on the left flank led by Parmenion.

 

The third tactic is a general assault on the enemy's headquarters.

When the elite Persian heavy infantry collapses under the Macedonian flanking attack, and Darius flees, Mazaeus retreats to the Persian headquarters.

Alexander launches a general assault on the confused Persian headquarters, overturning the tide of battle.

In 330 B.C., Darius III (B.C.380-330) is assassinated by Bessus, and the Persian Empire collapses.

 

The infantry defense tactics of the phalanx and the cavalry's flanking attack tactics are used again by Genghis Khan.

According to American Baptist minister David Benzen, Genghis Khan's previous life is Alexander.

 

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๊ฐ€์šฐ๊ฐ€๋ฉœ๋ผ ์ „ํˆฌ.

 

Battle of Gaugamela(B.C.331) ๐Ÿฆ…

 

๊ธฐ์›์ „ 343๋…„, ์•„๋ฆฌ์Šคํ† ํ…”๋ ˆ์Šค(B.C.384-322)๋Š” 4๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋ฏธ์—์ž์—์„œ ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋กœ์Šค ์™•์ž(13์„ธ)์˜ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋งก๋Š”๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋กœ์Šค๋Š” ์Šค์Šน๊ณผ ๋ถ€์นœ์ด ๊ฟˆ๊พผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์˜ ํด๋ฆฌ์Šค์™€ ๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„ ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ํ†ต์ผ์— ๊ทธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์ง€์ค‘ํ•ด์—์„œ ์ธ๋„์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ด‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ๊ตญ์„ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค.

 

๊ธฐ์›์ „ 336๋…„, ๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„์˜ ํ•„๋ฆฌํฌ์Šค 2์„ธ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ์šฐ์‚ฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ํ”ผ์‚ด๋˜์ž 20์„ธ์— ์™•์œ„์— ์˜ค๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์นœ์ด ์žก์•„๋†“์€ ๊ตฐ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„์™€ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๊ฐœ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 334๋…„ ๊ทธ๋ผ๋‹ˆ์ฝ”์Šค ์ „ํˆฌ์™€ ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 333๋…„ ์ด์†Œ์Šค ์ „ํˆฌ์—์„œ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 332๋…„ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ๋งˆ์ € ์ ๋ นํ•ด ์ง€์ค‘ํ•ด์˜ ์ œํ•ด๊ถŒ์„ ๋นผ์•—๋Š”๋‹ค.

 

๊ธฐ์›์ „ 331๋…„ 10์›” 1์ผ, ํ‹ฐ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๊ฐ• ์ƒ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์šฐ๊ฐ€๋ฉœ๋ผ ํ‰์›์— 20๋งŒ์˜ ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„ ๊ตฐ๊ณผ 4๋งŒ 7์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„๊ตฐ์ด ๋Œ€์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์šฐ๊ฐ€๋ฉœ๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด๋ผํฌ ๋ถ๋ถ€์˜ ์•„๋ฅด๋นŒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ขŒ์šฐ์— ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ์šฉ๋ณ‘์„ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ขŒ์šฐ์ „๋ฉด์— ์ „์ฐจ์™€ ์ธ๋„ ์ „ํˆฌ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํฌ์ง„์‹œํ‚จ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์šฐ์Šค 3์„ธ(44์„ธ)๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์˜ ์ตœ์ •์˜ˆ ๋ณด๋ณ‘๋Œ€·๊ถ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ฐ˜๊ฒฉ์„ ๋…ธ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์•™์— ์ด์ค‘์˜ ์ค‘์žฅ๋ณด๋ณ‘ ํŒ”๋ž‘ํฌ์ŠคPhalanx๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ขŒ์šฐ์— ๊ฒฝ์žฅ๋ณด๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ์ „์—ด์„ ์„ธ์šด ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋กœ์Šค ๋Œ€์™•(25์„ธ)์€ ์šฐ์ธก ๊ธฐ๋งˆ๋Œ€์˜ ์„ ๋ด‰์— ์„ ๋‹ค.

 

์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋กœ์Šค๋Š” 1์ฐจ ํ›„ํ‡ด์™€ ํฌ์œ„ ์ „์ˆ ๋กœ ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„์˜ ์ „์ฐจ์™€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์••ํ•œ๋‹ค. 2์ฐจ ์ „์ˆ ์€ 45๋„๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•œ ์šฐ์ธก ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘์˜ ์œ ์ธ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„ ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ์ค‘์•™ ๋ณธ์ง„ ๋ณด๋ณ‘๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ๋ผ๋†“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ‹ˆ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„ ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘๋Œ€ ๋’ค์— ์€๋‹‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์žฅ๋ณด๋ณ‘์ด ์ถœ๋ชฐํ•˜์—ฌ ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„ ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘์„ ์—์›Œ์‹ผ๋‹ค. ์ œ2์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„  ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋กœ์Šค์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰์„ ํšŒํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ์ธก ํ›„๋ฐฉ์„ ๊ธ‰์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์šฐ์Šค ๋ณธ์ง„์œผ๋กœ ์ง„๊ฒฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋งˆ์ž์—์šฐ์Šค ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„ ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘๋Œ€์˜ ์ขŒ์ธก ๋ŒํŒŒ๋กœ ์ค‘์•™์˜ ํŒ”๋ž‘ํฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์„ธ์— ๋ชฐ๋ฆฌ์ž, ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋กœ์Šค๋Š” ํŒŒ๋ฅด๋ฉ”๋‹ˆ์˜จ์ด ์ด๋„๋Š” ์ขŒ์ต์— ๋ณ‘๋ ฅ์„ ์ง‘์ค‘์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค.

 

3์ฐจ ์ „์ˆ ์€ ๋ณธ์ง„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๊ณต์„ธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„์˜ ์šฐํšŒ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์— ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„ ์ตœ์ •์˜ˆ ์ค‘์žฅ๋ณด๋ณ‘๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์šฐ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋„์ฃผํ•˜์ž ๋งˆ์ž์—์šฐ์Šค๋Š” ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„ ๋ณธ์ง„์œผ๋กœ ํ‡ด๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋กœ์Šค๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ˆ์— ๋น ์ง„ ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„ ๋ณธ์ง„์— ์ด๊ณต์„ธ๋ฅผ ํŽด ์ „์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์›์ „ 330๋…„ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์šฐ์Šค 3์„ธ(B.C.380-330)๋Š” ๋ฒ ์ˆ˜์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ดํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„์ œ๊ตญ์€ ๋ฉธ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŒ”๋ž‘ํฌ์Šค ๋ณด๋ณ‘ ๋ฐฉ์ง„๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘์˜ ์šฐํšŒ ๊ธ‰์Šต์ „์ˆ ์€ ์นญํ‚ค์Šค์นธ์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์“ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ ๋ฒต์Šจ ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์นญ๊ธฐ์Šค์นธ์˜ ์ „์ƒ์€ ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋“œ๋กœ์Šค์ด๋‹ค.

 

 

 

์•„์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„•B.C933-612.

 

โ€‹์•„์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋ฅด๊ณค 2์„ธ, ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ๋ฉธ(B.C722).โ€‹

 

โ€‹์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ 10๋ถ€์กฑ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ”๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ์—†๋‹ค.

 

โ€‹์‹ ๋ฐ”๋นŒ๋กœ๋‹ˆ์•„•B.C625-538.

 

๋ฉ”๋””์•„(์ด๋ž€)•B.C625-550.

 

โ€‹๋Š๋ถ€๊ฐ“๋„ค์‚ด(B.C605-562).

 

โ€‹1์ฐจ ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ ๋ฐ”๋นŒ๋ก  ์œ ์ˆ˜(B.C597).

 

2์ฐจ ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ ๋ฐ”๋นŒ๋ก  ์œ ์ˆ˜(B.C586).

 

์‹ ๋ฐ”๋นŒ๋กœ๋‹ˆ์•„, ์œ ๋‹ค์™•๊ตญ ๋ฉธ(B.C586).โ€‹

 

์œ ๋‹ค ์™•๊ตญ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ ๋ฒ ๋ƒ๋ฏผ ๋ถ€์กฑ๊ณผ ์œ ๋Œ€ ๋ถ€์กฑ์€ ํ˜ผํ˜ˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ์€ ๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰ ์ธ์ข…์ธ ์…ˆ์–ด์กฑ์ด๋‹ค. ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ์€ ๊ฒ€์€ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์™€ ๊ฒ€์€ ๋ˆˆ์— ๊ฒ€์€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นผ์˜ ์ธ์ข…์ด๋‹ค.

 

ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„(์ด๋ž€)•B.C530-330.

 

โ€‹์œ ๋Œ€์ธ ๊ท€ํ™˜์‹œ๋Œ€.

 

ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„(์•„์ผ€๋ฉ”๋„ค์Šค์™•์กฐ).

 

1์ฐจ•์…ฐ๋‚˜์ž๋ฅด•B.C538.

 

2์ฐจ•์ œ๋ฃน๋ฐ”๋ฒจ•B.C520.

 

๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์šฐ์Šค 1์„ธ(B.C550-486).

 

1์ฐจ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์›์ •(B,C492), ํญํ’์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํŒจ(ํ—ฌ๋ ˆ์ŠคํฐํŠธ ํ•ดํ˜‘).

 

2์ฐจ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์›์ •(B.C490), ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ „ํˆฌ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ.

 

ํฌ์„ธ๋ฅดํฌ์„ธ์Šค 1์„ธ(B.C519-465).

 

3์ฐจ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์›์ •(B.C480), ํ…Œ๋ฅด๋ชจํ•„๋ ˆ ์ „ํˆฌ ๋ช…๋ชฉ์ƒ์˜ ์Šน๋ฆฌ•์‚ด๋ผ๋ฏธ์Šค ํ•ด์ „ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ.

 

โ€‹๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค, ์†Œํฌ๋ผํ…Œ์Šค(B.C470 - B.C399) ่ฆ‹ๆ€ง.

 

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค, ํ”Œ๋ผํ†ค(B.C427 - B.C347) ่ฆ‹ๆ€ง.

 

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค, ์•„๋ฆฌ์Šคํ† ํ…”๋ ˆ์Šค(B.C384 - B.C322) ่ฆ‹ๆ€ง.

 

โ€‹"ํ˜„๋Œ€์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋„ค๋ถ€์นด๋“œ๋„ค์ž๋ฅด(๋Š๋ถ€๊ฐ“๋„ค์‚ด)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ํŽ˜๋ฆฌํด๋ ˆ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์•„ํ•˜์Šค์—๋กœ์Šค(์•„ํ•˜์ˆ˜์—๋ฅด)๋ฅผ ์—์Šค๋ธ(์—์Šค๋”)๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•œ ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„ ์™•์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์•„ํ•˜์Šค์—๋กœ์Šค๊ฐ€ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ํ”ํžˆ ํฌ์„ธ๋ฅดํฌ์„ธ์Šค๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์น˜ํ•˜๋˜ ๋•Œ์— ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์นจ๊ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค ๋Œ€ํŒจํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์‚ญ์ด๋‚˜ ๋„ค์ฝ”(๋Š๊ณ ) ๋“ฑ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ ํŒŒ๋ผ์˜ค๋“ค์€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ, ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณต์ž ํˆฌํŠธ๋ชจ์„ธ 3์„ธ ํŒŒ๋ผ์˜ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ์„œ์— ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•œ๋‹ค."

 

โ€‹์•„์ด์ž‘ ์•„์‹œ๋ชจํ”„(1920-1992).

 

๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„ ์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋” ๋Œ€์™•(B.C336-323) ↔ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์šฐ์Šค 3์„ธ(B.C336-330).

 

B.C334. ๊ทธ๋ผ๋‹ˆ์ฝ”์Šค ์ „ํˆฌ(์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋” ์Šน).

 

B.C333. ์ž‡์†Œ์Šค ์ „ํˆฌ(์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋” ์Šน).

 

B.C331. ๊ฐ€์šฐ๊ฐ€๋ฉœ๋ผ ์ „ํˆฌ(์•Œ๋ ‰์‚ฐ๋” ์Šน).

 

B,C272, ๋กœ๋งˆ, ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฐ˜๋„ ํ†ต์ผ.

 

๋กœ๋งˆ ↔ ์นด๋ฅดํƒ€๊ณ (์ง€์ค‘ํ•ด ํŒจ๊ถŒ).

 

1์ฐจ ํฌ์—๋‹ˆ ์ „์Ÿ(B.C264-241:๋กœ๋งˆ ์Šน).

 

2์ฐจ ํฌ์—๋‹ˆ ์ „์Ÿ·ํ•œ๋‹ˆ๋ฐœ ์ „์Ÿ(B.C218-202:๋กœ๋งˆ ์Šน)

 

3์ฐจ ํฌ์—๋‹ˆ ์ „์Ÿ(B.C149-146:๋กœ๋งˆ ์Šน).

 

ํŒŒ๋ฅดํ‹ฐ์•„(์ด๋ž€)•B.C250-A.D226.

 

์‚ฌ์‚ฐ์กฐ ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„(์ด๋ž€)•A.D226-642.

 

์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ์ œ๊ตญ•A.D650-1037.

 

(์•„๋ธŒ๋ผํ•จ•ํ•˜๊ฐˆ์˜ ์ด์Šค๋งˆ์—˜).

 

์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ๊ต ์ฐฝ์‹œ์ž ๋ฌดํ•จ๋งˆ๋“œ(A.D570-632) ์‚ฌํ›„ ์ˆ˜๋‹ˆํŒŒ(์ •ํ†ต ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ํŒŒ)์™€ ์‹œ์•„ํŒŒ(ํ˜ˆํ†ต ์†Œ์ˆ˜ํŒŒ)๊ฐ„์˜ 1400๋…„ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋‹ˆํŒŒ ์นผ๋ฆฌํ”„ ์•„๋ถ€ ๋ฐ”ํฌ๋ฅด, ์˜ค๋งˆ๋ฅด, ์˜ค์Šค๋งŒ์— ์ด์–ด 4๋Œ€ ์‹œ์•„ํŒŒ ์นผ๋ฆฌํ”„์— ์˜ค๋ฅธ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ(์œ ์ผํ•œ ํ˜ˆํ†ต)๋Š” ์•”์‚ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค.

 

์ˆ˜๋‹ˆํŒŒ(์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ 90%), ์‚ฌ์šฐ๋””(๋งน์ฃผ:85%)•์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์™€ ํ„ฐํ‚ค(90%)•UAE(84%)•์ฟ ์›จ์ดํŠธ์™€ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„(75%, ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์€ ์‹œ์•„ํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ์žฅ์•…).

 

์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ถœํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„(์ด๋ž€)๋Š” ์•„๋ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋„๊ถŒ์„ ๋นผ์•—๊ธฐ๊ณ  1,000๋…„ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ์ œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์กฐ๋กœ์•„์Šคํ„ฐ๊ต ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„์ธ(์ด๋ž€์ธ)์€ ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ๊ต๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ข…ํ•œ๋‹ค.

 

โ€‹

์‹œ์•„ํŒŒ(์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ 10%), ์ด๋ž€(๋งน์ฃผ:95%)•์•„์ œ๋ฅด๋ฐ”์ด์  (75%)•์ด๋ผํฌ(70%)•๋ฐ”๋ ˆ์ธ(65%)•๋ ˆ๋ฐ”๋…ผ(25%).

 

์‹œ์•„ํŒŒ ์ดˆ์Šน๋‹ฌ ์ง€๋Œ€(Shia crescent), ์ด๋ž€(ํŽ˜๋ฅด์‹œ์•„)•์ด๋ผํฌ(๋ฐ”๋นŒ๋กœ๋‹ˆ์•„)•์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„•๋ ˆ๋ฐ”๋…ผ(ํ—ค์ฆˆ๋ณผ๋ผ).

 

ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ •๊ต ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ธ์†์ฃผ์˜์™€ ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ ์œจ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์ค‘์ด๋‹ค.

 

์œ ๋Œ€์ธ ์ด๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋ฐ˜๋„์—์„œ ์„ธํŒŒ๋ฅด๋”ค ๋ฌธํ™”ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ.

 

์šฐ๋งˆ์ด์•ผ•A.D661-750.

 

์••๋ฐ”์Šค•A.D750-1258•๋งŒ์ˆ˜๋ฅด•๋ฐ”๊ทธ๋‹ค๋“œ.

์•Œ์•ˆ๋‹ฌ๋ฃจ์Šค•A.D750-929.

 

์ฝ”๋ฅด๋„๋ฐ”•A.D929-1031.

 

์…€์ฃผํฌํˆฌ๋ฅดํฌ•A.D1037-1194.

 

ํ˜ธ๋ผ์ฆ˜•A.D1077-1231.

 

์ผ์นธ๊ตญ•A.D1256-1335.

 

์˜ค์Šค๋งŒ ์ œ๊ตญ•A.D1299-1922.

 

ํ‹ฐ๋ฌด๋ฅด์ œ๊ตญ•A.D1369-1526.

 

์‚ฌํŒŒ๋น„ๆœ(์‹œ์•„ํŒŒ๋ฅผ ๊ตญ๊ต๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ•œ ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ์ด๋ž€์˜ ์›ํ˜•)•1501-1736.

 

์นด์ž๋ฅดๆœ(์ด๋ž€)•1795-1925.

 

ํŒ”๋ ˆ๋น„ๆœ(์ด๋ž€)•1925-1979.

 

์ด๋ž€ ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ•1979~ .

 

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